I explore the rise of electronic cigarettes as part of a wider set of processes involving the 'civilising' of tobacco use. I centrally argue that the growing popularity of e-cigarettes can only properly be understood when placed in the context of a broader set of historical developments that have centrally involved the "sanitisation" of tobacco in which smoke has become eff ectively erased from 'smoking'. In relation to this undertaking, I explore the curious convergence between devices which are intended to stop smoking (nicotine replacement therapies) and technologies designed to keep smoking (electronic nicotine delivery systems). I argue that regulatory and classifi catory distinctions between nicotine 'therapies' and 'drugs' have increasingly come to collapse, highlighting the importance of exploring the social and psychological uses of tobacco in understanding, and informing, policy debates about tobacco regulation. Th e paper centrally draws upon the work of Norbert Elias and his concept of 'civilising processes'. Where many analyses of changing patterns of drug use, consumption and regulation adopt the lens of medicalisation, this paper explores the utility of Elias's key concepts in explaining long-term transitions and developments in the practice.
Keywords: Smoking, Civilization, Regulation, Norbert Elias

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